Epatite D: sintomi, diagnosi, trattamento
Table of Contents

Che cos’è l’epatite D ?
L’epatite D è un’infezione delle cellule del fegato da parte di un virus noto come HDV, è il più piccolo agente infettivo presente nella virologia umana. Il virus, denominato virus dell’epatite Delta, è un virus difettivo e richiede la presenza obbligatoria di un’ infezione da HBV.
Come avviene l’infezione?
Lo sviluppo dell’infezione da HDV può avvenire in due modi:
- Contemporaneamentea quella da HBV o per una sovrainfezione del virus su un’infezione cronica da HBV. Nella coinfezione simultanea dei due virus, si osserva un’ infezioni acuta che guarisce spontaneamente nella maggior parte dei casi.
- Nella sovrainfezione, invece lo stato di portatore della HBsAG persiste nel tempo, nel 90% dei casi, l’infezione da HDV diventa cronica e dà luogo all’epatite cronica D.
Come si manifesta l’epatite D?
Il periodo di incubazione varia da 2 settimane a 2 mesi.
L’infezione da HDV, nel caso di infezione simultanea con il virus dell’Epatite B, può manifestarsi dopo con segni e sintomi simili all’infezione da virus B.
- Sintomi simil-influenzali
- Dolori articolari
- Spossatezza
- Colorazione giallastra della cute (ittero)
- Feci chiare
- Urine scure
- Dolorialla parte superiore dell’addome
Trattamento
L’interferone (IFN) è l’unica terapia per l’epatite cronica D ma i risultati sono limitati. Non vi è un vaccino contro l’HDV per prevenire la sovrainfezione nei portatori di HBs AG, ma la vaccinazione contro l’HBV è profilassi efficace dell’epatite D.
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