Tiroidite acuta (o batterica)
Le tiroidi rappresentano un insieme di affezioni con carattere infiammatorio che possono essere differenziate in base
all’eziologia in:
– batteriche
– virali
– autoimmuni
In base al decorso:
–acute
– subacute
– croniche
Tiroidite acuta (o batterica)
E’ unprocesso infiammatorio della tiroidea decorso acuto causato dainfezione battericageneralmente batteri piogeni che, in generale, segue ad altri focolai primari di infezione (tonsilliti, sinusiti ecc..). Altri agenti patogeni, quali lo Pneumocystis carinii, possono causare tiroidite in pazienti immunodepressi. Dopo l’introduzione degli antibiotici è divenuta una forma estremamente rara. La lesione, che generalmente interessa un singolo lobo con vari focolai, è caratterizzata da alterazioni congestizia ed essudativa per infiltrazione leucocitaria prevalentemente neutrofila.
Sintomatologia
E’ caratterizzata da:
– febbre
– brividi
– disfonia
–dolore alla regione anteriore del collo, che si presenta tumefatta e successivamente arrossata e calda.
Diagnosi
La diagnosi si basa sul riscontro disegni infiammatori e leucocitosi neutrofila.Gli ormoni tiroidei sono in genere normali mentre la scintigrafia indica un’ area ipocaptante corrispondente al tessuto interessato dall’infezione.
Terapia
La terapia si basa fondamentalmente sull’ asportazione del materiale purulento tramiteagoaspiratoe nell’eventualeinstillazione di antibiotico nella lesione, dal momento che la terapia antibiotica sistemica ha poca efficacia.
Articoli correlati:
Tiroidite silente
Tiroidite subacuta
Tiroidite di Hashimoto
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