Sindrome di Poland
Table of Contents
Che cos’è la sindrome di Poland?
La sindrome di Poland è una patologia congenita dovuta a una ipoplasia dell’arteria sottoclaveare a causa di una sua torsione intorno alla sesta settimana di gestazione. La sindrome di Poland rientra tra le malattie rare.
Descrizione clinica
La sindrome di Poland provoca una serie di anomalie sull’emitorace che possono presentarsi da sole o in associazione tra loro e possono essere così schematizzati :
- Assenzadel capo sternale del muscolo gran pettorale
- Ipoplasiadella mammella o del capezzolo
- Deficienzadel tessuto sottocutaneo e dei peli ascellari
- Anomalieossee della parete toracica
- Aplasiadel muscolo piccolo pettorale
- Sindattiliao ipoplasia dell’arto superiore ipslaterale
- Ipoplasiadell’avambraccio.
Qual è il trattamento per la sindrome di Poland?
Il trattamento di questa patologia è indicato per fine estetici prevalentemente nel sesso femminile, rimandato all’età di 18-19 anni in attesa di un completo sviluppo della mammella controlaterale. Esso consiste nella ricostruzione del volume mammario che può essere fatta a mezzo di protesi o di tessuto autologo. Nel caso si decide ad optare per l’utilizzo di un impianto protesico, questo necessita comunque di un’ulteriore copertura, data l’assenza del muscolo gran pettorale, che può essere effettuato con il prelievo, per esempio, del muscolo latinissimus dorsi. Residue deformità della parete toracica possono essere ricostruite con ulteriori impianti per la parete toracica o con osteotomie costali.
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(Bibl. Manuale di chirurgia plastica, ricostruttiva ed estetica, Nicolò Scuderi, Piccin Nuova Libraria S. P. A., Padova, 2015)
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