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Arousal confusionali


Parasonnie- Durante il sonno NREM

   (Parasonnie dell’arousal)






 

 

 

DESCRIZIONE

Gli arousal confusionali sono rappresentati da ricorrenti episodi di confusione mentale o comportamenti inappropriati di breve durata (di solito 5-15 minuti, raramente fino a 30-40 minuti,eccezionalmente ore), che avvengono nel corso del risveglio (sia durante il sonno notturno che durante i sonnellini) diurni. Usualmente emergono dalle fasi di sonno più profondo (SWS).

SINTOMI

 

 

Durante l’episodio possono comparire brevi sequenze di attività delta in concomitanza di attività più rapide (theta o alfa). La prevalenza è piuttosto elevata tra i 3 e i 15 anni (17%) e si riduce dopo l’adolescenza (3-4%). Quello genetico è il fattore predisponente più rilevante ma la restrizione di sonno, le variazioni di ritmo, condizione ambientale stressanti, l’assunzione di benzodiazepine e alcol e risvegli improvvisi durante il sonno  NREM posso rappresentare condizioni scatenanti.

 

Parasonnie 

Le parasonnie non costituiscono anomalie dei processi responsabili del sonno e della veglia, ma sono fenomeni indesiderati, usualmente motori, che si manifestano prevalentemente durante il sonno, in gran parte correlati ad attivazione del SNC. (continua a leggere)

 

Sonnambulismo 

Il sonnambulismo appartiene insieme ai risvegli confusionali e al terrore notturno, al gruppo dei disturbi dell’arousal  ed è caratterizzato da episodi di pochi minuti di atti motori complessi con una componente ambulatoria, deficit dello stato di coscienza e della capacità di giudizio. (continua a leggere)

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